Police were called to a home in North Toowoomba, about 100 kilometres west of Brisbane, following reports of the shooting about 1.50pm (2.50pm AEDT) today.
They found a woman with multiple gunshot wounds on the footpath of Christmas Street.
The woman, aged in her 20s, was taken to Toowoomba Hospital with life-threatening injuries from reported gunshot wounds, a Queensland Ambulance Service spokesperson confirmed to 9news.com.au.
She later died in hospital.
Two other men were assessed at the scene, one of them for a head injury, but not taken to hospital.
Police closed off West Street between Mort Street and Bridge Streets, and nearby residents were asked to remain indoors before officers declared there was no longer a threat to public safety.
They later found a vehicle of interest and were speaking to three people who knew the woman.
Darling Downs District acting Detective Inspector Brian Collins said the thoughts of police were with the woman’s family.
“Our thoughts go out to her family, it’s devastating when someone loses their life in this way,” he said.
He described the shooting, which took place within 150 metres of a school, as “extremely alarming”.
“We’re talking in the early afternoon just around school pickup time,” he said.
Collins said police and ambulance staff would be given the appropriate help and guidance after the confronting scene.
Police asked anyone who was in the area between 1.30pm and 2pm (2.30pm to 3pm) and might have dashcam footage or information to come forward.