Even before requiring evacuees to repay the government became a law, it appears that it was standard practice, even during World War II, per the Austin-American Statesman. The American government bases the reimbursement cost on what the evacuee would pay for a “full fare economy flight, or comparable alternate transportation” to the destination of the government’s choosing, which is rarely the U.S., according to the U.S. Department of State website.
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The protocol is to send evacuees to the nearest safe neighboring country, or even a safer part of the country they’re fleeing. When an evacuee arrives at their destination, they’ll have to pay for their accommodations and any connecting flights. Evacuees may be able to get an emergency loan. “For U.S. citizens who need emergency financial assistance at the evacuation destination, you may ask a consular officer to help you apply for a loan to help with the costs of your accommodations and/or other essential expenses,” the U.S. State Department reads. But again, it’s a loan that will need to be paid back.